What is Umrah?
The Umrah is a pilgrimage to Makkah, Saudi Arabia, performed
by Muslims that can be undertaken at any time of the year. In
Arabic, Umrah means "to visit a populated place".
It is sometimes called the 'minor pilgrimage' or 'lesser pilgrimage',
the Hajj being the 'major' pilgrimage and which is compulsory
for every able-bodied Muslim who can afford it.
The Umrah is not compulsory but highly recommended.
• The pilgrim performs a series of ritual acts symbolic
of the lives of Ibrahim (AS) and his second wife Hajar and of
solidarity with Muslims worldwide. These acts of faith are:
• Perform a tawaf, which consists of circling the Kaabah
seven times in an anticlockwise direction. Men are encouraged
to do this three times at a hurried pace, followed by four times
more closely, at a leisurely pace.[1]
• Perform a sa'i ", which means rapidly walking seven
times back and forth between the hills of Safa and Marwah. This
is a re-enactment of Hajar's frantic search for water.
The baby Ismail (AS) cried and hit the ground with his foot (some
versions of the story say that an angel scraped his foot or the
tip of his wing along the ground) and water miraculously sprang
forth. This source of water is today called the Well of Zamzam.
• Perform a halq or taqsir, meaning a cutting of the hair.
A taqsir is a partial shortening of the hair whereas a halq is
a complete shave of the head. Woman a little amount of hair only.
These rituals complete the Umrah, and the pilgrim can choose
to go out of Ihram. Although not a part of the ritual, most pilgrims
drink water from the Well of Zamzam.
arious Islamic Sects perform these rituals with slightly different
methods.
The peak times of pilgrimage are the days before, during and
after the Hajj and during the last ten days of Ramadan.
Types of Umrah
There are two types of Umrah, depending on whether one wishes
to combine the Umrah with Hajj:
Al-Umrat al mufradah refers to Umrah that is performed independently
of Hajj.
Umrat al-tammatu refers to Umrah that is performed in conjunction
with Hajj.
More precisely, the rituals of the Umrah are performed first
and then the Hajj rituals are performed.